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- How To Model a Mixed Sequential/Non-Sequential System
How To Model a Mixed Sequential/Non-Sequential System
- By Dan Hill
- Published 17 October 2006
- Non Sequential Ray Tracing , First Time Users
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Considerations and Comments
There are many sample files included with ZEMAX which use this mixed mode capability, many of which are located in the ZEMAX > Samples > Non-Sequential > Prisms directory. To familiarize yourself with mixed mode within ZEMAX, you may want to consider opening some of the various files within this folder and observe the definition of the objects within the NSC Editor, the exit port location and size, the sequential aperture definition, and so on.
Additionally, here are some key points to understand about mixed mode systems:
- All of the normal ZEMAX sequential analysis features are still available in mixed mode systems, such as Ray Fans, Spot Diagrams, OPD plots; etc. However, it is important to note that many sequential features are based upon calculations which depend upon paraxial equivalents (such as the location of the paraxial exit pupil to calculate the reference sphere radius necessary for OPD calculations). As a random NSC group cannot be broken down into a paraxial equivalent, many of the paraxial based calculations will be meaningless. Perhaps the most commonly used and meaningful analysis features used in mixed mode systems are that of the Spot Diagram and Geometric Image Analysis, since they do not require any paraxial references.
- Note that the NSC surface in the LDE supports a Glass definition, which may be used to define the “background” material and index of refraction of the media in which NSC objects are placed. If a material is defined, then both the entry and exit port may serve as refractive boundaries.
- Ray defined by the sequential system aperture (sequential rays) cannot see the sources and detectors defined within an NSC group. Likewise, rays from NSC sources cannot leave the NSC group. As a result, rays from NSC sources cannot be used as part of the sequential based analysis feature.
- Sequential rays cannot split within an NSC group – only the transmitted ray path is considered. In sequential ZEMAX, a deterministic ray path is required, and only the number of rays launched (no more) may reach the image plane (ray splitting could potentially increase the number of rays which eventually reach the image plane). This is especially essential for optimization, so that ZEMAX may converge to a solution.